forgejo/modules/indexer/code/elastic_search.go

// Copyright 2020 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

package code

import (
	"bufio"
	"context"
	"errors"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"net"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
	"sync"
	"time"

	repo_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/repo"
	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/analyze"
	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/charset"
	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/git"
	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/graceful"
	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/json"
	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/log"
	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/timeutil"
	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/typesniffer"

	"github.com/go-enry/go-enry/v2"
	"github.com/olivere/elastic/v7"
)

const (
	esRepoIndexerLatestVersion = 1
	// multi-match-types, currently only 2 types are used
	// Reference: https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/7.0/query-dsl-multi-match-query.html#multi-match-types
	esMultiMatchTypeBestFields   = "best_fields"
	esMultiMatchTypePhrasePrefix = "phrase_prefix"
)

var _ Indexer = &ElasticSearchIndexer{}

// ElasticSearchIndexer implements Indexer interface
type ElasticSearchIndexer struct {
	client           *elastic.Client
	indexerAliasName string
	available        bool
	stopTimer        chan struct{}
	lock             sync.RWMutex
}

// NewElasticSearchIndexer creates a new elasticsearch indexer
func NewElasticSearchIndexer(url, indexerName string) (*ElasticSearchIndexer, bool, error) {
	opts := []elastic.ClientOptionFunc{
		elastic.SetURL(url),
		elastic.SetSniff(false),
		elastic.SetHealthcheckInterval(10 * time.Second),
		elastic.SetGzip(false),
	}

	logger := log.GetLogger(log.DEFAULT)

	opts = append(opts, elastic.SetTraceLog(&log.PrintfLogger{Logf: logger.Trace}))
	opts = append(opts, elastic.SetInfoLog(&log.PrintfLogger{Logf: logger.Info}))
	opts = append(opts, elastic.SetErrorLog(&log.PrintfLogger{Logf: logger.Error}))

	client, err := elastic.NewClient(opts...)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, false, err
	}

	indexer := &ElasticSearchIndexer{
		client:           client,
		indexerAliasName: indexerName,
		available:        true,
		stopTimer:        make(chan struct{}),
	}

	ticker := time.NewTicker(10 * time.Second)
	go func() {
		for {
			select {
			case <-ticker.C:
				indexer.checkAvailability()
			case <-indexer.stopTimer:
				ticker.Stop()
				return
			}
		}
	}()

	exists, err := indexer.init()
	if err != nil {
		indexer.Close()
		return nil, false, err
	}
	return indexer, !exists, err
}

const (
	defaultMapping = `{
		"mappings": {
			"properties": {
				"repo_id": {
					"type": "long",
					"index": true
				},
				"content": {
					"type": "text",
					"term_vector": "with_positions_offsets",
					"index": true
				},
				"commit_id": {
					"type": "keyword",
					"index": true
				},
				"language": {
					"type": "keyword",
					"index": true
				},
				"updated_at": {
					"type": "long",
					"index": true
				}
			}
		}
	}`
)

func (b *ElasticSearchIndexer) realIndexerName() string {
	return fmt.Sprintf("%s.v%d", b.indexerAliasName, esRepoIndexerLatestVersion)
}

// Init will initialize the indexer
func (b *ElasticSearchIndexer) init() (bool, error) {
	ctx := graceful.GetManager().HammerContext()
	exists, err := b.client.IndexExists(b.realIndexerName()).Do(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return false, b.checkError(err)
	}
	if !exists {
		mapping := defaultMapping

		createIndex, err := b.client.CreateIndex(b.realIndexerName()).BodyString(mapping).Do(ctx)
		if err != nil {
			return false, b.checkError(err)
		}
		if !createIndex.Acknowledged {
			return false, fmt.Errorf("create index %s with %s failed", b.realIndexerName(), mapping)
		}
	}

	// check version
	r, err := b.client.Aliases().Do(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return false, b.checkError(err)
	}

	realIndexerNames := r.IndicesByAlias(b.indexerAliasName)
	if len(realIndexerNames) < 1 {
		res, err := b.client.Alias().
			Add(b.realIndexerName(), b.indexerAliasName).
			Do(ctx)
		if err != nil {
			return false, b.checkError(err)
		}
		if !res.Acknowledged {
			return false, fmt.Errorf("create alias %s to index %s failed", b.indexerAliasName, b.realIndexerName())
		}
	} else if len(realIndexerNames) >= 1 && realIndexerNames[0] < b.realIndexerName() {
		log.Warn("Found older gitea indexer named %s, but we will create a new one %s and keep the old NOT DELETED. You can delete the old version after the upgrade succeed.",
			realIndexerNames[0], b.realIndexerName())
		res, err := b.client.Alias().
			Remove(realIndexerNames[0], b.indexerAliasName).
			Add(b.realIndexerName(), b.indexerAliasName).
			Do(ctx)
		if err != nil {
			return false, b.checkError(err)
		}
		if !res.Acknowledged {
			return false, fmt.Errorf("change alias %s to index %s failed", b.indexerAliasName, b.realIndexerName())
		}
	}

	return exists, nil
}

// Ping checks if elastic is available
func (b *ElasticSearchIndexer) Ping() bool {
	b.lock.RLock()
	defer b.lock.RUnlock()
	return b.available
}

func (b *ElasticSearchIndexer) addUpdate(ctx context.Context, batchWriter git.WriteCloserError, batchReader *bufio.Reader, sha string, update fileUpdate, repo *repo_model.Repository) ([]elastic.BulkableRequest, error) {
	// Ignore vendored files in code search
	if setting.Indexer.ExcludeVendored && analyze.IsVendor(update.Filename) {
		return nil, nil
	}

	size := update.Size
	var err error
	if !update.Sized {
		var stdout string
		stdout, _, err = git.NewCommand(ctx, "cat-file", "-s").AddDynamicArguments(update.BlobSha).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: repo.RepoPath()})
		if err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
		if size, err = strconv.ParseInt(strings.TrimSpace(stdout), 10, 64); err != nil {
			return nil, fmt.Errorf("misformatted git cat-file output: %w", err)
		}
	}

	if size > setting.Indexer.MaxIndexerFileSize {
		return []elastic.BulkableRequest{b.addDelete(update.Filename, repo)}, nil
	}

	if _, err := batchWriter.Write([]byte(update.BlobSha + "\n")); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	_, _, size, err = git.ReadBatchLine(batchReader)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	fileContents, err := io.ReadAll(io.LimitReader(batchReader, size))
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	} else if !typesniffer.DetectContentType(fileContents).IsText() {
		// FIXME: UTF-16 files will probably fail here
		return nil, nil
	}

	if _, err = batchReader.Discard(1); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	id := filenameIndexerID(repo.ID, update.Filename)

	return []elastic.BulkableRequest{
		elastic.NewBulkIndexRequest().
			Index(b.indexerAliasName).
			Id(id).
			Doc(map[string]any{
				"repo_id":    repo.ID,
				"content":    string(charset.ToUTF8DropErrors(fileContents)),
				"commit_id":  sha,
				"language":   analyze.GetCodeLanguage(update.Filename, fileContents),
				"updated_at": timeutil.TimeStampNow(),
			}),
	}, nil
}

func (b *ElasticSearchIndexer) addDelete(filename string, repo *repo_model.Repository) elastic.BulkableRequest {
	id := filenameIndexerID(repo.ID, filename)
	return elastic.NewBulkDeleteRequest().
		Index(b.indexerAliasName).
		Id(id)
}

// Index will save the index data
func (b *ElasticSearchIndexer) Index(ctx context.Context, repo *repo_model.Repository, sha string, changes *repoChanges) error {
	reqs := make([]elastic.BulkableRequest, 0)
	if len(changes.Updates) > 0 {
		// Now because of some insanity with git cat-file not immediately failing if not run in a valid git directory we need to run git rev-parse first!
		if err := git.EnsureValidGitRepository(ctx, repo.RepoPath()); err != nil {
			log.Error("Unable to open git repo: %s for %-v: %v", repo.RepoPath(), repo, err)
			return err
		}

		batchWriter, batchReader, cancel := git.CatFileBatch(ctx, repo.RepoPath())
		defer cancel()

		for _, update := range changes.Updates {
			updateReqs, err := b.addUpdate(ctx, batchWriter, batchReader, sha, update, repo)
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}
			if len(updateReqs) > 0 {
				reqs = append(reqs, updateReqs...)
			}
		}
		cancel()
	}

	for _, filename := range changes.RemovedFilenames {
		reqs = append(reqs, b.addDelete(filename, repo))
	}

	if len(reqs) > 0 {
		_, err := b.client.Bulk().
			Index(b.indexerAliasName).
			Add(reqs...).
			Do(ctx)
		return b.checkError(err)
	}
	return nil
}

// Delete deletes indexes by ids
func (b *ElasticSearchIndexer) Delete(repoID int64) error {
	_, err := b.client.DeleteByQuery(b.indexerAliasName).
		Query(elastic.NewTermsQuery("repo_id", repoID)).
		Do(graceful.GetManager().HammerContext())
	return b.checkError(err)
}

// indexPos find words positions for start and the following end on content. It will
// return the beginning position of the first start and the ending position of the
// first end following the start string.
// If not found any of the positions, it will return -1, -1.
func indexPos(content, start, end string) (int, int) {
	startIdx := strings.Index(content, start)
	if startIdx < 0 {
		return -1, -1
	}
	endIdx := strings.Index(content[startIdx+len(start):], end)
	if endIdx < 0 {
		return -1, -1
	}
	return startIdx, startIdx + len(start) + endIdx + len(end)
}

func convertResult(searchResult *elastic.SearchResult, kw string, pageSize int) (int64, []*SearchResult, []*SearchResultLanguages, error) {
	hits := make([]*SearchResult, 0, pageSize)
	for _, hit := range searchResult.Hits.Hits {
		// FIXME: There is no way to get the position the keyword on the content currently on the same request.
		// So we get it from content, this may made the query slower. See
		// https://discuss.elastic.co/t/fetching-position-of-keyword-in-matched-document/94291
		var startIndex, endIndex int
		c, ok := hit.Highlight["content"]
		if ok && len(c) > 0 {
			// FIXME: Since the highlighting content will include <em> and </em> for the keywords,
			// now we should find the positions. But how to avoid html content which contains the
			// <em> and </em> tags? If elastic search has handled that?
			startIndex, endIndex = indexPos(c[0], "<em>", "</em>")
			if startIndex == -1 {
				panic(fmt.Sprintf("1===%s,,,%#v,,,%s", kw, hit.Highlight, c[0]))
			}
		} else {
			panic(fmt.Sprintf("2===%#v", hit.Highlight))
		}

		repoID, fileName := parseIndexerID(hit.Id)
		res := make(map[string]any)
		if err := json.Unmarshal(hit.Source, &res); err != nil {
			return 0, nil, nil, err
		}

		language := res["language"].(string)

		hits = append(hits, &SearchResult{
			RepoID:      repoID,
			Filename:    fileName,
			CommitID:    res["commit_id"].(string),
			Content:     res["content"].(string),
			UpdatedUnix: timeutil.TimeStamp(res["updated_at"].(float64)),
			Language:    language,
			StartIndex:  startIndex,
			EndIndex:    endIndex - 9, // remove the length <em></em> since we give Content the original data
			Color:       enry.GetColor(language),
		})
	}

	return searchResult.TotalHits(), hits, extractAggs(searchResult), nil
}

func extractAggs(searchResult *elastic.SearchResult) []*SearchResultLanguages {
	var searchResultLanguages []*SearchResultLanguages
	agg, found := searchResult.Aggregations.Terms("language")
	if found {
		searchResultLanguages = make([]*SearchResultLanguages, 0, 10)

		for _, bucket := range agg.Buckets {
			searchResultLanguages = append(searchResultLanguages, &SearchResultLanguages{
				Language: bucket.Key.(string),
				Color:    enry.GetColor(bucket.Key.(string)),
				Count:    int(bucket.DocCount),
			})
		}
	}
	return searchResultLanguages
}

// Search searches for codes and language stats by given conditions.
func (b *ElasticSearchIndexer) Search(ctx context.Context, repoIDs []int64, language, keyword string, page, pageSize int, isMatch bool) (int64, []*SearchResult, []*SearchResultLanguages, error) {
	searchType := esMultiMatchTypeBestFields
	if isMatch {
		searchType = esMultiMatchTypePhrasePrefix
	}

	kwQuery := elastic.NewMultiMatchQuery(keyword, "content").Type(searchType)
	query := elastic.NewBoolQuery()
	query = query.Must(kwQuery)
	if len(repoIDs) > 0 {
		repoStrs := make([]any, 0, len(repoIDs))
		for _, repoID := range repoIDs {
			repoStrs = append(repoStrs, repoID)
		}
		repoQuery := elastic.NewTermsQuery("repo_id", repoStrs...)
		query = query.Must(repoQuery)
	}

	var (
		start       int
		kw          = "<em>" + keyword + "</em>"
		aggregation = elastic.NewTermsAggregation().Field("language").Size(10).OrderByCountDesc()
	)

	if page > 0 {
		start = (page - 1) * pageSize
	}

	if len(language) == 0 {
		searchResult, err := b.client.Search().
			Index(b.indexerAliasName).
			Aggregation("language", aggregation).
			Query(query).
			Highlight(
				elastic.NewHighlight().
					Field("content").
					NumOfFragments(0). // return all highting content on fragments
					HighlighterType("fvh"),
			).
			Sort("repo_id", true).
			From(start).Size(pageSize).
			Do(ctx)
		if err != nil {
			return 0, nil, nil, b.checkError(err)
		}

		return convertResult(searchResult, kw, pageSize)
	}

	langQuery := elastic.NewMatchQuery("language", language)
	countResult, err := b.client.Search().
		Index(b.indexerAliasName).
		Aggregation("language", aggregation).
		Query(query).
		Size(0). // We only needs stats information
		Do(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return 0, nil, nil, b.checkError(err)
	}

	query = query.Must(langQuery)
	searchResult, err := b.client.Search().
		Index(b.indexerAliasName).
		Query(query).
		Highlight(
			elastic.NewHighlight().
				Field("content").
				NumOfFragments(0). // return all highting content on fragments
				HighlighterType("fvh"),
		).
		Sort("repo_id", true).
		From(start).Size(pageSize).
		Do(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return 0, nil, nil, b.checkError(err)
	}

	total, hits, _, err := convertResult(searchResult, kw, pageSize)

	return total, hits, extractAggs(countResult), err
}

// Close implements indexer
func (b *ElasticSearchIndexer) Close() {
	select {
	case <-b.stopTimer:
	default:
		close(b.stopTimer)
	}
}

func (b *ElasticSearchIndexer) checkError(err error) error {
	var opErr *net.OpError
	if !(elastic.IsConnErr(err) || (errors.As(err, &opErr) && (opErr.Op == "dial" || opErr.Op == "read"))) {
		return err
	}

	b.setAvailability(false)

	return err
}

func (b *ElasticSearchIndexer) checkAvailability() {
	if b.Ping() {
		return
	}

	// Request cluster state to check if elastic is available again
	_, err := b.client.ClusterState().Do(graceful.GetManager().ShutdownContext())
	if err != nil {
		b.setAvailability(false)
		return
	}

	b.setAvailability(true)
}

func (b *ElasticSearchIndexer) setAvailability(available bool) {
	b.lock.Lock()
	defer b.lock.Unlock()

	if b.available == available {
		return
	}

	b.available = available
}