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forgejo/models/asymkey/ssh_key_test.go

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2016-08-12 11:56:50 +02:00
// Copyright 2016 The Gogs Authors. All rights reserved.
// Copyright 2019 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
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package asymkey
import (
"bytes"
"os"
"os/exec"
"path/filepath"
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"strings"
"testing"
"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
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"github.com/42wim/sshsig"
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"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
)
func Test_SSHParsePublicKey(t *testing.T) {
testCases := []struct {
name string
skipSSHKeygen bool
keyType string
length int
content string
}{
{"dsa-1024", false, "dsa", 1024, "ssh-dss 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 nocomment"},
{"rsa-1024", false, "rsa", 1024, "ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAAAgQDAu7tvIvX6ZHrRXuZNfkR3XLHSsuCK9Zn3X58lxBcQzuo5xZgB6vRwwm/QtJuF+zZPtY5hsQILBLmF+BZ5WpKZp1jBeSjH2G7lxet9kbcH+kIVj0tPFEoyKI9wvWqIwC4prx/WVk2wLTJjzBAhyNxfEq7C9CeiX9pQEbEqJfkKCQ== nocomment\n"},
{"rsa-2048", false, "rsa", 2048, "ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQDMZXh+1OBUwSH9D45wTaxErQIN9IoC9xl7MKJkqvTvv6O5RR9YW/IK9FbfjXgXsppYGhsCZo1hFOOsXHMnfOORqu/xMDx4yPuyvKpw4LePEcg4TDipaDFuxbWOqc/BUZRZcXu41QAWfDLrInwsltWZHSeG7hjhpacl4FrVv9V1pS6Oc5Q1NxxEzTzuNLS/8diZrTm/YAQQ/+B+mzWI3zEtF4miZjjAljWd1LTBPvU23d29DcBmmFahcZ441XZsTeAwGxG/Q6j8NgNXj9WxMeWwxXV2jeAX/EBSpZrCVlCQ1yJswT6xCp8TuBnTiGWYMBNTbOZvPC4e0WI2/yZW/s5F nocomment"},
{"ecdsa-256", false, "ecdsa", 256, "ecdsa-sha2-nistp256 AAAAE2VjZHNhLXNoYTItbmlzdHAyNTYAAAAIbmlzdHAyNTYAAABBBFQacN3PrOll7PXmN5B/ZNVahiUIqI05nbBlZk1KXsO3d06ktAWqbNflv2vEmA38bTFTfJ2sbn2B5ksT52cDDbA= nocomment"},
{"ecdsa-384", false, "ecdsa", 384, "ecdsa-sha2-nistp384 AAAAE2VjZHNhLXNoYTItbmlzdHAzODQAAAAIbmlzdHAzODQAAABhBINmioV+XRX1Fm9Qk2ehHXJ2tfVxW30ypUWZw670Zyq5GQfBAH6xjygRsJ5wWsHXBsGYgFUXIHvMKVAG1tpw7s6ax9oA+dJOJ7tj+vhn8joFqT+sg3LYHgZkHrfqryRasQ== nocomment"},
{"ecdsa-sk", true, "ecdsa-sk", 256, "sk-ecdsa-sha2-nistp256@openssh.com AAAAInNrLWVjZHNhLXNoYTItbmlzdHAyNTZAb3BlbnNzaC5jb20AAAAIbmlzdHAyNTYAAABBBGXEEzWmm1dxb+57RoK5KVCL0w2eNv9cqJX2AGGVlkFsVDhOXHzsadS3LTK4VlEbbrDMJdoti9yM8vclA8IeRacAAAAEc3NoOg== nocomment"},
{"ed25519-sk", true, "ed25519-sk", 256, "sk-ssh-ed25519@openssh.com AAAAGnNrLXNzaC1lZDI1NTE5QG9wZW5zc2guY29tAAAAIE7kM1R02+4ertDKGKEDcKG0s+2vyDDcIvceJ0Gqv5f1AAAABHNzaDo= nocomment"},
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}
for _, tc := range testCases {
t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
t.Run("Native", func(t *testing.T) {
keyTypeN, lengthN, err := SSHNativeParsePublicKey(tc.content)
assert.NoError(t, err)
assert.Equal(t, tc.keyType, keyTypeN)
assert.EqualValues(t, tc.length, lengthN)
})
if tc.skipSSHKeygen {
return
}
t.Run("SSHKeygen", func(t *testing.T) {
keyTypeK, lengthK, err := SSHKeyGenParsePublicKey(tc.content)
if err != nil {
// Some servers do not support ecdsa format.
if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "line 1 too long:") {
assert.FailNow(t, "%v", err)
}
}
Prefer native parser for SSH public key parsing (#23798) Without this patch, the setting SSH.StartBuiltinServer decides whether the native (Go) implementation is used rather than calling 'ssh-keygen'. It's possible for 'using ssh-keygen' and 'using the built-in server' to be independent. In fact, the gitea rootless container doesn't ship ssh-keygen and can be configured to use the host's SSH server - which will cause the public key parsing mechanism to break. This commit changes the decision to be based on SSH.KeygenPath instead. Any existing configurations with a custom KeygenPath set will continue to function. The new default value of '' selects the native version. The downside of this approach is that anyone who has relying on plain 'ssh-keygen' to have special properties will now be using the native version instead. I assume the exec-variant is only there because /x/crypto/ssh didn't support ssh-ed25519 until 2016. I don't see any other reason for using it so it might be an acceptable risk. Fixes #23363 EDIT: this message was garbled when I tried to get the commit description back in.. Trying to reconstruct it: ## :warning: BREAKING :warning: Users who don't have SSH.KeygenPath explicitly set and rely on the ssh-keygen binary need to set SSH.KeygenPath to 'ssh-keygen' in order to be able to continue using it for public key parsing. There was something else but I can't remember at the moment. EDIT2: It was about `make test` and `make lint`. Can't get them to run. To reproduce the issue, I installed `golang` in `docker.io/node:16` and got: ``` ... go: mvdan.cc/xurls/v2@v2.4.0: unknown revision mvdan.cc/xurls/v2.4.0 go: gotest.tools/v3@v3.4.0: unknown revision gotest.tools/v3.4.0 ... go: gotest.tools/v3@v3.0.3: unknown revision gotest.tools/v3.0.3 ... go: error loading module requirements ``` Signed-off-by: Leon M. Busch-George <leon@georgemail.eu>
2023-04-11 08:34:28 +02:00
assert.Equal(t, tc.keyType, keyTypeK)
assert.EqualValues(t, tc.length, lengthK)
})
t.Run("SSHParseKeyNative", func(t *testing.T) {
keyTypeK, lengthK, err := SSHNativeParsePublicKey(tc.content)
if err != nil {
assert.FailNow(t, "%v", err)
Prefer native parser for SSH public key parsing (#23798) Without this patch, the setting SSH.StartBuiltinServer decides whether the native (Go) implementation is used rather than calling 'ssh-keygen'. It's possible for 'using ssh-keygen' and 'using the built-in server' to be independent. In fact, the gitea rootless container doesn't ship ssh-keygen and can be configured to use the host's SSH server - which will cause the public key parsing mechanism to break. This commit changes the decision to be based on SSH.KeygenPath instead. Any existing configurations with a custom KeygenPath set will continue to function. The new default value of '' selects the native version. The downside of this approach is that anyone who has relying on plain 'ssh-keygen' to have special properties will now be using the native version instead. I assume the exec-variant is only there because /x/crypto/ssh didn't support ssh-ed25519 until 2016. I don't see any other reason for using it so it might be an acceptable risk. Fixes #23363 EDIT: this message was garbled when I tried to get the commit description back in.. Trying to reconstruct it: ## :warning: BREAKING :warning: Users who don't have SSH.KeygenPath explicitly set and rely on the ssh-keygen binary need to set SSH.KeygenPath to 'ssh-keygen' in order to be able to continue using it for public key parsing. There was something else but I can't remember at the moment. EDIT2: It was about `make test` and `make lint`. Can't get them to run. To reproduce the issue, I installed `golang` in `docker.io/node:16` and got: ``` ... go: mvdan.cc/xurls/v2@v2.4.0: unknown revision mvdan.cc/xurls/v2.4.0 go: gotest.tools/v3@v3.4.0: unknown revision gotest.tools/v3.4.0 ... go: gotest.tools/v3@v3.0.3: unknown revision gotest.tools/v3.0.3 ... go: error loading module requirements ``` Signed-off-by: Leon M. Busch-George <leon@georgemail.eu>
2023-04-11 08:34:28 +02:00
}
assert.Equal(t, tc.keyType, keyTypeK)
assert.EqualValues(t, tc.length, lengthK)
})
})
}
}
func Test_CheckPublicKeyString(t *testing.T) {
oldValue := setting.SSH.MinimumKeySizeCheck
setting.SSH.MinimumKeySizeCheck = false
for _, test := range []struct {
content string
}{
{"ssh-dss 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 nocomment"},
{"ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAAAgQDAu7tvIvX6ZHrRXuZNfkR3XLHSsuCK9Zn3X58lxBcQzuo5xZgB6vRwwm/QtJuF+zZPtY5hsQILBLmF+BZ5WpKZp1jBeSjH2G7lxet9kbcH+kIVj0tPFEoyKI9wvWqIwC4prx/WVk2wLTJjzBAhyNxfEq7C9CeiX9pQEbEqJfkKCQ== nocomment\n"},
{"ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EA\r\nAAADAQABAAAAgQDAu7tvIvX6ZHrRXuZNfkR3XLHSsuCK9Zn3X58lxBcQzuo5xZgB6vRwwm/QtJuF+zZPtY5hsQILBLmF+\r\nBZ5WpKZp1jBeSjH2G7lxet9kbcH+kIVj0tPFEoyKI9wvWqIwC4prx/WVk2wLTJjzBAhyNx\r\nfEq7C9CeiX9pQEbEqJfkKCQ== nocomment\r\n\r\n"},
{"ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EA\r\nAAADAQABAAAAgQDAu7tvI\nvX6ZHrRXuZNfkR3XLHSsuCK9Zn3X58lxBcQzuo5xZgB6vRwwm/QtJuF+zZPtY5hsQILBLmF+\r\nBZ5WpKZp1jBeSjH2G7lxet9kbcH+kIVj0tPFEoyKI9wvW\nqIwC4prx/WVk2wLTJjzBAhyNx\r\nfEq7C9CeiX9pQEbEqJfkKCQ== nocomment\r\n\r\n"},
{"ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAICV0MGX/W9IvLA4FXpIuUcdDcbj5KX4syHgsTy7soVgf"},
{"\r\nssh-ed25519 \r\nAAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAICV0MGX/W9IvLA4FXpIuUcdDcbj5KX4syHgsTy7soVgf\r\n\r\n"},
{"sk-ecdsa-sha2-nistp256@openssh.com AAAAInNrLWVjZHNhLXNoYTItbmlzdHAyNTZAb3BlbnNzaC5jb20AAAAIbmlzdHAyNTYAAABBBGXEEzWmm1dxb+57RoK5KVCL0w2eNv9cqJX2AGGVlkFsVDhOXHzsadS3LTK4VlEbbrDMJdoti9yM8vclA8IeRacAAAAEc3NoOg== nocomment"},
{"sk-ssh-ed25519@openssh.com AAAAGnNrLXNzaC1lZDI1NTE5QG9wZW5zc2guY29tAAAAIE7kM1R02+4ertDKGKEDcKG0s+2vyDDcIvceJ0Gqv5f1AAAABHNzaDo= nocomment"},
{`---- BEGIN SSH2 PUBLIC KEY ----
Comment: "1024-bit DSA, converted by andrew@phaedra from OpenSSH"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---- END SSH2 PUBLIC KEY ----
`},
{`---- BEGIN SSH2 PUBLIC KEY ----
Comment: "1024-bit RSA, converted by andrew@phaedra from OpenSSH"
AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAAAgQDAu7tvIvX6ZHrRXuZNfkR3XLHSsuCK9Zn3X58lxB
cQzuo5xZgB6vRwwm/QtJuF+zZPtY5hsQILBLmF+BZ5WpKZp1jBeSjH2G7lxet9kbcH+kIV
j0tPFEoyKI9wvWqIwC4prx/WVk2wLTJjzBAhyNxfEq7C9CeiX9pQEbEqJfkKCQ==
---- END SSH2 PUBLIC KEY ----
`},
{`-----BEGIN RSA PUBLIC KEY-----
MIGJAoGBAMC7u28i9fpketFe5k1+RHdcsdKy4Ir1mfdfnyXEFxDO6jnFmAHq9HDC
b9C0m4X7Nk+1jmGxAgsEuYX4FnlakpmnWMF5KMfYbuXF632Rtwf6QhWPS08USjIo
j3C9aojALimvH9ZWTbAtMmPMECHI3F8SrsL0J6Jf2lARsSol+QoJAgMBAAE=
-----END RSA PUBLIC KEY-----
`},
{`-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----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-----END PUBLIC KEY-----
`},
{`-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----
MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQDAu7tvIvX6ZHrRXuZNfkR3XLHS
suCK9Zn3X58lxBcQzuo5xZgB6vRwwm/QtJuF+zZPtY5hsQILBLmF+BZ5WpKZp1jB
eSjH2G7lxet9kbcH+kIVj0tPFEoyKI9wvWqIwC4prx/WVk2wLTJjzBAhyNxfEq7C
9CeiX9pQEbEqJfkKCQIDAQAB
-----END PUBLIC KEY-----
`},
{`-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----
MIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEAzGV4ftTgVMEh/Q+OcE2s
RK0CDfSKAvcZezCiZKr077+juUUfWFvyCvRW3414F7KaWBobAmaNYRTjrFxzJ3zj
karv8TA8eMj7sryqcOC3jxHIOEw4qWgxbsW1jqnPwVGUWXF7uNUAFnwy6yJ8LJbV
mR0nhu4Y4aWnJeBa1b/VdaUujnOUNTccRM087jS0v/HYma05v2AEEP/gfps1iN8x
LReJomY4wJY1ndS0wT71Nt3dvQ3AZphWoXGeONV2bE3gMBsRv0Oo/DYDV4/VsTHl
sMV1do3gF/xAUqWawlZQkNcibME+sQqfE7gZ04hlmDATU2zmbzwuHtFiNv8mVv7O
RQIDAQAB
-----END PUBLIC KEY-----
`},
{`---- BEGIN SSH2 PUBLIC KEY ----
Comment: "256-bit ED25519, converted by andrew@phaedra from OpenSSH"
AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAICV0MGX/W9IvLA4FXpIuUcdDcbj5KX4syHgsTy7soVgf
---- END SSH2 PUBLIC KEY ----
`},
} {
_, err := CheckPublicKeyString(test.content)
assert.NoError(t, err)
}
setting.SSH.MinimumKeySizeCheck = oldValue
for _, invalidKeys := range []struct {
content string
}{
{"test"},
{"---- NOT A REAL KEY ----"},
{"bad\nkey"},
{"\t\t:)\t\r\n"},
{"\r\ntest \r\ngitea\r\n\r\n"},
} {
_, err := CheckPublicKeyString(invalidKeys.content)
assert.Error(t, err)
}
}
func Test_calcFingerprint(t *testing.T) {
testCases := []struct {
name string
skipSSHKeygen bool
fp string
content string
}{
{"dsa-1024", false, "SHA256:fSIHQlpKMDsGPVAXI8BPYfRp+e2sfvSt1sMrPsFiXrc", "ssh-dss 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 nocomment"},
{"rsa-1024", false, "SHA256:vSnDkvRh/xM6kMxPidLgrUhq3mCN7CDaronCEm2joyQ", "ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAAAgQDAu7tvIvX6ZHrRXuZNfkR3XLHSsuCK9Zn3X58lxBcQzuo5xZgB6vRwwm/QtJuF+zZPtY5hsQILBLmF+BZ5WpKZp1jBeSjH2G7lxet9kbcH+kIVj0tPFEoyKI9wvWqIwC4prx/WVk2wLTJjzBAhyNxfEq7C9CeiX9pQEbEqJfkKCQ== nocomment\n"},
{"rsa-2048", false, "SHA256:ZHD//a1b9VuTq9XSunAeYjKeU1xDa2tBFZYrFr2Okkg", "ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQDMZXh+1OBUwSH9D45wTaxErQIN9IoC9xl7MKJkqvTvv6O5RR9YW/IK9FbfjXgXsppYGhsCZo1hFOOsXHMnfOORqu/xMDx4yPuyvKpw4LePEcg4TDipaDFuxbWOqc/BUZRZcXu41QAWfDLrInwsltWZHSeG7hjhpacl4FrVv9V1pS6Oc5Q1NxxEzTzuNLS/8diZrTm/YAQQ/+B+mzWI3zEtF4miZjjAljWd1LTBPvU23d29DcBmmFahcZ441XZsTeAwGxG/Q6j8NgNXj9WxMeWwxXV2jeAX/EBSpZrCVlCQ1yJswT6xCp8TuBnTiGWYMBNTbOZvPC4e0WI2/yZW/s5F nocomment"},
{"ecdsa-256", false, "SHA256:Bqx/xgWqRKLtkZ0Lr4iZpgb+5lYsFpSwXwVZbPwuTRw", "ecdsa-sha2-nistp256 AAAAE2VjZHNhLXNoYTItbmlzdHAyNTYAAAAIbmlzdHAyNTYAAABBBFQacN3PrOll7PXmN5B/ZNVahiUIqI05nbBlZk1KXsO3d06ktAWqbNflv2vEmA38bTFTfJ2sbn2B5ksT52cDDbA= nocomment"},
{"ecdsa-384", false, "SHA256:4qfJOgJDtUd8BrEjyVNdI8IgjiZKouztVde43aDhe1E", "ecdsa-sha2-nistp384 AAAAE2VjZHNhLXNoYTItbmlzdHAzODQAAAAIbmlzdHAzODQAAABhBINmioV+XRX1Fm9Qk2ehHXJ2tfVxW30ypUWZw670Zyq5GQfBAH6xjygRsJ5wWsHXBsGYgFUXIHvMKVAG1tpw7s6ax9oA+dJOJ7tj+vhn8joFqT+sg3LYHgZkHrfqryRasQ== nocomment"},
{"ecdsa-sk", true, "SHA256:4wcIu4z+53gHc+db85OPfy8IydyNzPLCr6kHIs625LQ", "sk-ecdsa-sha2-nistp256@openssh.com AAAAInNrLWVjZHNhLXNoYTItbmlzdHAyNTZAb3BlbnNzaC5jb20AAAAIbmlzdHAyNTYAAABBBGXEEzWmm1dxb+57RoK5KVCL0w2eNv9cqJX2AGGVlkFsVDhOXHzsadS3LTK4VlEbbrDMJdoti9yM8vclA8IeRacAAAAEc3NoOg== nocomment"},
{"ed25519-sk", true, "SHA256:RB4ku1OeWKN7fLMrjxz38DK0mp1BnOPBx4BItjTvJ0g", "sk-ssh-ed25519@openssh.com AAAAGnNrLXNzaC1lZDI1NTE5QG9wZW5zc2guY29tAAAAIE7kM1R02+4ertDKGKEDcKG0s+2vyDDcIvceJ0Gqv5f1AAAABHNzaDo= nocomment"},
}
for _, tc := range testCases {
t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
t.Run("Native", func(t *testing.T) {
fpN, err := calcFingerprintNative(tc.content)
assert.NoError(t, err)
assert.Equal(t, tc.fp, fpN)
})
if tc.skipSSHKeygen {
return
}
t.Run("SSHKeygen", func(t *testing.T) {
fpK, err := calcFingerprintSSHKeygen(tc.content)
assert.NoError(t, err)
assert.Equal(t, tc.fp, fpK)
})
})
}
}
var (
// Generated with "ssh-keygen -C test@rekor.dev -f id_rsa"
sshPrivateKey = `-----BEGIN OPENSSH PRIVATE KEY-----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-----END OPENSSH PRIVATE KEY-----
`
sshPublicKey = `ssh-rsa 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 test@rekor.dev
`
// Generated with "ssh-keygen -C other-test@rekor.dev -f id_rsa"
otherSSHPrivateKey = `-----BEGIN OPENSSH PRIVATE KEY-----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-----END OPENSSH PRIVATE KEY-----
`
otherSSHPublicKey = `ssh-rsa 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 other-test@rekor.dev
`
// Generated with ssh-keygen -C test@rekor.dev -t ed25519 -f id_ed25519
ed25519PrivateKey = `-----BEGIN OPENSSH PRIVATE KEY-----
b3BlbnNzaC1rZXktdjEAAAAABG5vbmUAAAAEbm9uZQAAAAAAAAABAAAAMwAAAAtzc2gtZW
QyNTUxOQAAACBB45zRHxPPFtabwS3Vd6Lb9vMe+tIHZj2qN5VQ+bgLfQAAAJgyRa3cMkWt
3AAAAAtzc2gtZWQyNTUxOQAAACBB45zRHxPPFtabwS3Vd6Lb9vMe+tIHZj2qN5VQ+bgLfQ
AAAED7y4N/DsVnRQiBZNxEWdsJ9RmbranvtQ3X9jnb6gFed0HjnNEfE88W1pvBLdV3otv2
8x760gdmPao3lVD5uAt9AAAADnRlc3RAcmVrb3IuZGV2AQIDBAUGBw==
-----END OPENSSH PRIVATE KEY-----
`
ed25519PublicKey = `ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIEHjnNEfE88W1pvBLdV3otv28x760gdmPao3lVD5uAt9 test@rekor.dev
`
)
func TestFromOpenSSH(t *testing.T) {
for _, tt := range []struct {
name string
pub string
priv string
}{
{
name: "rsa",
pub: sshPublicKey,
priv: sshPrivateKey,
},
{
name: "ed25519",
pub: ed25519PublicKey,
priv: ed25519PrivateKey,
},
} {
if _, err := exec.LookPath("ssh-keygen"); err != nil {
t.Skip("skip TestFromOpenSSH: missing ssh-keygen in PATH")
}
t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
tt := tt
// Test that a signature from the cli can validate here.
td := t.TempDir()
data := []byte("hello, ssh world")
dataPath := write(t, data, td, "data")
privPath := write(t, []byte(tt.priv), td, "id")
write(t, []byte(tt.pub), td, "id.pub")
sigPath := dataPath + ".sig"
run(t, nil, "ssh-keygen", "-Y", "sign", "-n", "file", "-f", privPath, dataPath)
sigBytes, err := os.ReadFile(sigPath)
if err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
if err := sshsig.Verify(bytes.NewReader(data), sigBytes, []byte(tt.pub), "file"); err != nil {
t.Error(err)
}
// It should not verify if we check against another public key
if err := sshsig.Verify(bytes.NewReader(data), sigBytes, []byte(otherSSHPublicKey), "file"); err == nil {
t.Error("expected error with incorrect key")
}
// It should not verify if the data is tampered
if err := sshsig.Verify(strings.NewReader("bad data"), sigBytes, []byte(sshPublicKey), "file"); err == nil {
t.Error("expected error with incorrect data")
}
})
}
}
func TestToOpenSSH(t *testing.T) {
for _, tt := range []struct {
name string
pub string
priv string
}{
{
name: "rsa",
pub: sshPublicKey,
priv: sshPrivateKey,
},
{
name: "ed25519",
pub: ed25519PublicKey,
priv: ed25519PrivateKey,
},
} {
if _, err := exec.LookPath("ssh-keygen"); err != nil {
t.Skip("skip TestToOpenSSH: missing ssh-keygen in PATH")
}
t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
tt := tt
// Test that a signature from here can validate in the CLI.
td := t.TempDir()
data := []byte("hello, ssh world")
write(t, data, td, "data")
armored, err := sshsig.Sign([]byte(tt.priv), bytes.NewReader(data), "file")
if err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
sigPath := write(t, armored, td, "oursig")
// Create an allowed_signers file with two keys to check against.
allowedSigner := "test@rekor.dev " + tt.pub + "\n"
allowedSigner += "othertest@rekor.dev " + otherSSHPublicKey + "\n"
allowedSigners := write(t, []byte(allowedSigner), td, "allowed_signer")
// We use the correct principal here so it should work.
run(t, data, "ssh-keygen", "-Y", "verify", "-f", allowedSigners,
"-I", "test@rekor.dev", "-n", "file", "-s", sigPath)
// Just to be sure, check against the other public key as well.
runErr(t, data, "ssh-keygen", "-Y", "verify", "-f", allowedSigners,
"-I", "othertest@rekor.dev", "-n", "file", "-s", sigPath)
// It should error if we run it against other data
data = []byte("other data!")
runErr(t, data, "ssh-keygen", "-Y", "check-novalidate", "-n", "file", "-s", sigPath)
})
}
}
func TestRoundTrip(t *testing.T) {
data := []byte("my good data to be signed!")
// Create one extra signature for all the tests.
otherSig, err := sshsig.Sign([]byte(otherSSHPrivateKey), bytes.NewReader(data), "file")
if err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
for _, tt := range []struct {
name string
pub string
priv string
}{
{
name: "rsa",
pub: sshPublicKey,
priv: sshPrivateKey,
},
{
name: "ed25519",
pub: ed25519PublicKey,
priv: ed25519PrivateKey,
},
} {
t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
tt := tt
sig, err := sshsig.Sign([]byte(tt.priv), bytes.NewReader(data), "file")
if err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
// Check the signature against that data and public key
if err := sshsig.Verify(bytes.NewReader(data), sig, []byte(tt.pub), "file"); err != nil {
t.Error(err)
}
// Now check it against invalid data.
if err := sshsig.Verify(strings.NewReader("invalid data!"), sig, []byte(tt.pub), "file"); err == nil {
t.Error("expected error!")
}
// Now check it against the wrong key.
if err := sshsig.Verify(bytes.NewReader(data), sig, []byte(otherSSHPublicKey), "file"); err == nil {
t.Error("expected error!")
}
// Now check it against an invalid signature data.
if err := sshsig.Verify(bytes.NewReader(data), []byte("invalid signature!"), []byte(tt.pub), "file"); err == nil {
t.Error("expected error!")
}
// Once more, use the wrong signature and check it against the original (wrong public key)
if err := sshsig.Verify(bytes.NewReader(data), otherSig, []byte(tt.pub), "file"); err == nil {
t.Error("expected error!")
}
// It should work against the correct public key.
if err := sshsig.Verify(bytes.NewReader(data), otherSig, []byte(otherSSHPublicKey), "file"); err != nil {
t.Error(err)
}
})
}
}
func write(t *testing.T, d []byte, fp ...string) string {
p := filepath.Join(fp...)
if err := os.WriteFile(p, d, 0o600); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
return p
}
func run(t *testing.T, stdin []byte, args ...string) {
t.Helper()
/* #nosec */
cmd := exec.Command(args[0], args[1:]...)
cmd.Stdin = bytes.NewReader(stdin)
out, err := cmd.CombinedOutput()
t.Logf("cmd %v: %s", cmd, string(out))
if err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
}
func runErr(t *testing.T, stdin []byte, args ...string) {
t.Helper()
/* #nosec */
cmd := exec.Command(args[0], args[1:]...)
cmd.Stdin = bytes.NewReader(stdin)
out, err := cmd.CombinedOutput()
t.Logf("cmd %v: %s", cmd, string(out))
if err == nil {
t.Fatal("expected error")
}
}